Increasing Insurance Minimums
An amount that hasn't been updated since 1980, today's insurance minimums for large trucks sits at $750,000. Because this limit has not been adjusted in over 40 years, many motor carriers are not able to fully pay for the damages in catastrophic truck crashes, leaving taxpayers to pick up the bill.
Insurance minimums for large trucks have remained stagnant at $750,000 since 1980. This outdated amount leaves many motor carriers unable to cover the full costs of catastrophic truck accidents, resulting in taxpayers having to foot the bill.
Commercial Truck Insurance Minimums and Truck Safety
The Motor Carrier Act, passed in the 1980s, set forth many of the minimum coverages for trucking insurance, and these amounts haven’t been increased since. The FMCSA advocates for higher federal motor carrier insurance requirements to account for the cost of inflation. Now, $750,000 is not nearly enough to fully cover the catastrophic damages caused by commercial truckers.
In 2014, the FMCSA released a report that calculated that, if the truck insurance rates had kept pace with inflation since the initial minimums were set forth, the minimum amount for coverage would be $1.62 million. Today, it is estimated this amount is around $5 million.
In June 2020, following recommendations from the FMCSA, a bill to increase carrier insurance was passed by Congress, but as with many bills, this critical safety initiative sits in legislative limbo, with no resolution in sight for the foreseeable future.
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No other law firm knows trucks quite like us. Our trucking law expertise and trial experience allow us to win multi-million-dollar results year after year.
Involved in a Crash?
Our team of truck accident attorneys works tirelessly to help your family find justice in the wake of a catastrophic truck crash.
Federal Commercial Trucking Insurance Requirements
Federal law regulates commercial truck insurance requirements to ensure that victims of a commercial truck accident can recover the compensation they deserve. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) set mandatory insurance on 18-wheelers with certain minimum coverage requirements depending on the cargo the truck carries, among other factors.
Drivers and commercial carriers must comply with federal motor carrier insurance requirements, along with any state requirements or insurance that may exceed the federal minimum.
Trucking liability insurance cost is structured in several tiers, with the minimum coverage listed as:
- $300,000: For trucks under 10,001 pounds not carrying hazardous materials
- $750,000: For trucks over 10,001 pounds not carrying hazardous materials
- $1 million: For private drivers hauling oil
- $5 million: For drivers carrying hazardous materials other than oil
Commercial carriers must comply with the state minimum commercial truck insurance requirements for each state they operate in. The truck driver must be able to provide proof of insurance immediately when stopped by police or at a truck weigh-in center where required. In addition, all trucking companies must have current records of their driver insurance coverage and any surety bonds held.
Commercial Motor Vehicle Insurance Minimums are per Crash, not per Victim.
Even those who advocate for a modest adjustment will downplay the fact that today’s $750,000 insurance minimum is per crash, not per victim.
This means that when a negligent truck driver causes a crash that kills two people and severely injures six more, that $750,000 must be divided among all eight truck crash victims. Assuming this pot is split evenly, which it never is, that’s less than $100,000 to each victim.
Unfortunately, this splitting of $750,000 is a reality truck crash victims face more frequently than industry lobbyists would like to admit. In a world where mothers are told their son’s life is worth $70,000 or where a twenty-year-old tetraplegic only receives $150,000 toward their long-term medical care, it’s hard to feel like anything close to justice has been served.
Today’s motor carrier insurance minimum of $750,000 was set over 40 years ago. $750,000 was inadequate for catastrophic truck crash victims, then and it’s unacceptable now. It’s time to adjust the insurance minimums so that all truck crash victims — regardless of crash circumstances or their injuries — are ensured, without financial hardship, access to the medical care they deserve.
Types of Commercial Insurance for Trucks
All commercial truckers are required to carry specific semi-truck insurance, and, depending on whether a driver has hazardous material or other specific types of cargo, they may need to carry additional 18-wheeler insurance coverage. Common commercial truck insurance includes:
- Cargo insurance to cover the type of cargo (the minimum depends on the type and amount of goods the truck is hauling)
- Bobtail insurance to cover the driver and truck after the load is delivered and before they pick up another load
- Physical damage insurance to cover the truck for any damage that occurs
- Limited depreciation coverage as gap insurance between the fair market value of the truck and the cost to replace the vehicle if it’s totaled in an accident
- Mechanical breakdown insurance to cover any out-of-pocket costs for repairs
- Non-trucking liability insurance for accidents that occur if the truck is being used for non-business purposes
- On-hook coverage protects against damage to a truck being towed by another vehicle
Some carriers may take out additional hazardous material insurance coverage or require specialty truck insurance for delicate or expensive cargo.
Increased Insurance Minimums Benefit more than just Automotive Drivers
Victims involved in a truck crash often have life-changing injuries, and many may need extensive medical care to recuperate, including surgery and physical therapy. Some people may no longer be able to live independently because of their injuries or require care in a nursing home. The costs of truck accident injuries or fatalities can easily reach the millions.
Although the cost of higher commercial trucking insurance premiums may affect the bottom line for trucking companies and independent truckers, in truth, higher minimum insurance for tractor-trailer drivers benefits everybody on the road, including truck drivers.
Victims involved in a truck crash often have life-changing injuries, and many may need extensive medical care to recuperate, including surgery and physical therapy. Some people may no longer be able to live independently because of their injuries or require care in a nursing home. The costs of truck accident injuries or fatalities can easily reach the millions.
Although the cost of higher commercial trucking insurance premiums may affect the bottom line for trucking companies and independent truckers, in truth, higher minimum insurance for tractor-trailer drivers benefits everybody on the road, including truck drivers.
It’s not just those involved in the truck accident that can suffer from insufficient commercial insurance for trucks. Taxpayers, too, may end up footing the bill indirectly if the at-fault party or parties cannot cover the cost of medical care, rehabilitation, or long-term care.
When this happens, it is not uncommon for truck accident victims to rely heavily on Social Security Disability programs, Medicare or even state-subsidized accommodations in a nursing home. Families that have been forced into bankruptcy because of high medical bills may also need to rely on government assistance when they would have otherwise not have, if the today’s motor carrier insurance minimums accounted for market and medical inflation.
Understanding the Positive Impact on Truck Drivers and the Trucking Industry
Drivers benefit more when driving for companies that take out more than the minimum truck insurance rates, as they may be fully covered in the event of an accident and not personally liable. And their equipment will also be covered under the carrier’s insurance.
Without motor carrier authority, an owner-operator cannot hire themselves out. The carrier company, not the contract driver, is the one that must provide the insurance coverage.
Small truck carriers may be more vulnerable to civil liability suits with verdicts that exceed their coverage than larger ones. These small businesses may have just one or two trucks and lack large companies’ cash reserves and assets.
If one of these drivers is involved in a catastrophic crash and the judge rules in favor of the plaintiff, then the verdict could mean financial ruin for these companies. Increasing commercial truck insurance minimums could potentially avoid this scenario.
1 Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Docket No. NHTSA-2015-0188, https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=NHTSA-2016-0087
2 Whisler, Deboraph. “Fuel Economy 101.” Fleet Owner. July, 2011. https://www.fleetowner.com/running-green/fuel/article/21660208/fuel-economy-101
Rising Insurance Rates Will Raise Standards for Safety
If and when the FMCSA does update truck insurance limits, owner-operator truck drivers will also benefit. Right now, because the insurance minimums are so low, coverage is cheap, and by extension this means that the financial investment to start hauling goods is also low. Because, currently, this bar is on the floor, entrepreneurs who are underequipped and undereducated on the trucking industry and its safety regulations can easily gain access to our roads.
This low barrier for entry creates a cascade of consequences, all of which increase the risk of catostophic truck crash on US roads including:
- More motor carriers implementing unsafe and illegal driver policies
- More motor carriers implementing unsafe hiring practices
- More improperly maintained vehicles on the road
- No meaningful consequences or oversite to preventing from “reincarnating” under another legal entity if/and when their unsafe practices force them to close. (These entities are known as “chameleon carriers”)
Crash. Not Accident.
The word “accident” is often used to describe devastating truck crashes. Many people in need of legal help will search for a “truck accident lawyer near me” or the “best truck accident attorney”. We even use "accident" in our site name.
However, most truck “accidents” are not accidents at all.
Truck crashes are often caused by distracted, fatigued, poorly trained, or downright dangerous truck drivers and/or the unsafe business practices of the trucking companies and brokers that hired them. Every semi-truck accident lawyer at The Law Firm for Truck Safety is committed to helping those who have been irreparably harmed in commercial vehicle crashes and providing education to the public that crashes are not accidents.
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Public awareness and education play a large role in effecting meaningful change when it comes to truck safety regulation and reform.
Public awareness and education play a large role in effecting meaningful change when it comes to truck safety regulation and reform.
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